MUSEUM INNOVATION BAROMETER is an ongoing research endeavour aiming to analyse the status quo of new technologies and innovations in the museum world and.
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Survey results: An overview how museums worldwide are using technologies -expositions -mediation -communication & feedback -museum management -data collection 01TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 striking social media campaigns 02Newly opened museums 033 outstanding museums in terms of digital transformation 044 smart tools 056 significant developments in the museum realm due to COVID -1906073 informative research reports on digital revenue 084 digital revenue ideas 4 great ideas 09
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3© MUSEUM BOOSTER, 2021 INTRODUCTION The year 2020 shook upthe museum world like noother before . More than 90% ofthe museums worldwide had to shut their doors for the first time ever in their history . Even the most destructive and insecure historical phase ofthe 20th century in Europe, World War II, has not wounded cultural institutions asmuch asCOVID -19. Amidst bombing alarms and shortages ofmany kinds , cultural palaces like the National Gallery in London continued to display artworks in their buildings The pademic has impacted not only the financial side ofmuseum operation causing dramatic income losses , but also the working conditions and mental wellbeing ofmuseum staff . In short , the year 2020 was financially and mentally devastating for the museum world and institutions ofall sizes Œbig institutional clusters and art temples aswell assmall local museums faced the same crisis . However , every crisis also opens a window ofopportunity , motivates to evolve and change . Last year represented a high -tide for technology and a deeper acknowledgement ofthe urge for digitalisation within the museum sector . The closure ofcultural institutions for visitors pushed their teams to find other ways to engage with audiences . Institutions actively involved digital platforms Œsocial media , livestreaming , online exhibitions , virtual tours , videogames and podcasts . Many took the plunge into trying out new digital software , previously untapped platforms and channels . This implied an upskilling ofthe museum employees and made remote working easier . After a first wave oflaunching free digital offers , in the course ofthe year 2020,museumsalso started to think about how digital could bring new , and the further in lockdown the more needed , revenue sources . In this report , we elaborate how the year 2020 has influenced the museum sector in terms oftechnological and digital developments , combining the results ofthe Museum Innovation Barometer survey with best practice cases and additional summaries ofsignificant previous research reports on this topic .
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5© MUSEUM BOOSTER, 2021 KEY FACTS & METHODOLOGY annual survey by MUSEUM BOOSTER focus: technology & innovation in museums time line: since 2015sample size: 150 institutions, representing 200 museums geographic spread: globally current survey period: December 2020 to May 2021 MUSEUM INNOVATION BAROMETER is an ongoing research endeavour aiming to analyse the status quo of new technologies and innovations in the museum world and to forecast future trends. The edition of the year 2021 also looks into how COVID -19 has influenced the digital transformation ofmuseums. From December 2020 to May 2021, adigital survey has been distributed among museum and science centre directors as well as experts from different departments (IT, marketing, communication and curatorial departments). The outreach of the survey is global. Altogether, 150 individual and cluster institutions have participated, allowing an insight into the operation of approximately 200 museums. The survey interrogates the role of technologies and digitalisation before and after the COVID -19 outbreak, grow -into areas and strategic planning for the upcoming three years in the fields of visitor experience, digital infrastructure, data collection as well as revenue generation. The majority of the 45 questions were multiple choice. This allowed the collection of key criteria on museums and their approach to new technologies and digital transformation in a systematic, standardised way. For questions which required more detailed (and in some cases, creative) input, an open text format was chosen.
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6© MUSEUM BOOSTER, 2021 Europe 66%Africa 8%Americas 20%Asia -Pacific 6%GEOGRAPHY The museums which participated in the survey were from 39 countries Œincluding 27 from Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine and the United Kingdom), six from the Americas (Argentina, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, United States and Uruguay), five from Asia and Oceania (Australia, Japan, New Zealand, Qatar and Taiwan) and one from Africa (South Africa). Surveyed museums by geographic division, 2020 Notes: Europe includes Russia and Turkey, Americas include North America, Caribbean, and Central & South America, Asia-Pacific includes Middle East and Oceania.
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8© MUSEUM BOOSTER, 2021 VISITORS Surveyed museums by visitors, 2020 More than 48% of contributing museums have an annual visitor number up to 100,000; 43% receive between 100,000 and one million visitors; and 9% are large -scale museums with more than one million visitors per annum. The numbers of visitors stated in the survey and used for this graph were taken from the year 2019 since final numbers for the year 2020 were not available in all institutions at the time of filling out the survey. [1-0.1m] 48%[0.1m -1m] 43%[1m -10m] 9%
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10© MUSEUM BOOSTER, 2021 AVAILABILITY OF WIFI & DIGITAL DEPARTMENT 72% of the museums that replied to the survey offer WIFI to their visitors. Only half of the interrogated institutions have an in -house IT department or digital team. no 28%yes 72%Availability of WIFI no50%yes 50%Availability of Digital Team
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11© MUSEUM BOOSTER, 2021 MUSEUM CLOSURE DUE TO COVID -19 & INFLUENCE ON DIGITALISATION The majority of the respondents stated, that their museum(s) had to close for a specific period of time because of COVID -19. Overall, museums were facing waves of closures (March 2020, October ŒNovember 2020) and reopenings (May ŒJuly 2020, March -May 2021) over the course of the last year depending on the dynamics of infection rates within each specific country*. Among the first countries to announce reopening in spring 2020 were the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Switzerland, Austria and Germany. Only in two countries, Belarus and Sweden, no general lockdown measures had been decreed by the respective governments and no closures were imposed onto museums, respectively. In Sweden, museums could decide themselves if to remain open or not. In terms of digitalisation, the pandemic has accelerated the production and use of video and digital content as well as fostered consideration for and implementation of digital solutions for management and infrastructure enhancement purposes. Livestreaming, online tours and online exhibitions, podcasts and social media challenges were among the most used digital formats to deliver content and stay connected with audiences at home. Zoom and YouTube were the most used platforms. The waves of reopening have also fostered implementation of touch -free tools. Many museums also seized the closures to update their website and apps. Contactless access control, digital wayfinding, online ticketing, crowd control, real time tracking of occupancy rates, thermal screening and controlling, visitor heat map technology and Content Management Systems had been increasingly implemented in the course of last year. *Formore detailed information onthe status quo ofeach country in Europe, the Network ofEuropean Museum Organisations offers aninteractive map with the latest updates onmuseum reopenings and safety measures. The American Alliance ofMuseums launched two surveys tocapture the situation ofmuseums in the US. yes 144no6Museum closure due to the pandemics
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